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Martin Luther King Jr.:
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and a social activist who have been famous due to his contribution in the American civil rights movement from the mid 1950 until the time of his assassination in 1968. He had sought equality and human rights for the African – Americans, economically disadvantaged, and all other victims of injustices through peaceful protests.
Martin Luther King Jr. was the motivating force behind the watershed events including the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March in Washington in 1963 which caused these landmarks to be the place for legislation of the Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts.
Birth:
Martin Luther King, Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, being the second child of Martin Luther King Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former schoolteacher.
Education:
- Being a gifted student, King attended isolated public schools and was admitted to Morehouse College at the age of 15. Morehouse College is the alma mater of his father and maternal grandfather. There he studies law and medicine. With no plans of following his dad’s footsteps, he had entered the ministry and later changed his mind after being mentored by Morehouse’s president Dr. Benjamin Mays. Dr. Mays is an influential theologian and outspoken advocate for racial equality.
- In 1948, just after his graduation, King entered Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania. There he earned a Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship, and was elected president of his predominantly white senior class. He then enrolled in a graduate program at Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning a doctorate in systematic theology two years later.
Marriage:
While in Boston, Martin met Coretta Scott, a young singer from Alabama who was studying at the New England Conservatory of Music. The couple went into marriage in 1953 and settled in Montgomery, Alabama, where he became pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther King III, Dexter Scott King and Bernice Albertine King.
Career:
- Martin Luther King Jr. was chosen as the protest’s leader and official spokesman. This was after activists coordinated a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days which is a response to Rosa Parks’ refusal to give up her seat for a white passenger on Montgomery bus and was arrested. The Montgomery Bus Boycott placed a severe economic strain on the public transit system and downtown business owners.
- As SCLC president, Martin Luther King, Jr. traveled across the country and around the world, giving lectures on nonviolent protest and civil rights as well as meeting with religious figures, activists and political leaders.
- Later that year, Martin Luther King, Jr. worked with a number of civil rights and religious groups to organize the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, a peaceful political rally designed to shed light on the injustices African Americans continued to face across the country.
Death:
On the evening of April 4, 1968, Martin Luther King was assassinated. He was fatally shot while standing on the balcony of a motel in Memphis, where King had traveled to support a sanitation workers’ strike. In the wake of his death, a wave of riots swept major cities across the country, while President Johnson declared a national day of mourning.
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