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A number is five less than three times another number. The sum of the two numbers is 55. What are the numbers?

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A number is 5 less than 3 times another number.
  x = 3y - 5

The sum of the two numbers is 55. 
x + y = 55

x = 3y - 5        =             x - 3y = -5
x + y = 55       =     +      x + y   = 55
                                         - 4y = -60
                                           y = 15
x - 3y = -5
x - 3(15) = -5
x - 45 = -5
x = -5 + 45
x = 40

The 2 numbers are 40 and 15. 

Check: 40 = (15 x 3) - 5
           40 =  45 -5 
           40 = 40
  
  40 + 15 = 55
     55 = 55

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