The study of valence electron essential because it determines the bond between the elements and the location of the elements in the periodic system
Valence electrons are electrons used in forming bonds and are in the outer shell of an element.
The bond that occurs can be either an ionic bond or a covalent bond
Valence electron determination using electron configurations.
Determination of electron configurations based on principles:
The main group elements usually have valence electron configurations in the ns and np subshells
While the transition elements in the subshells (n-1) d
The location of the elemental groups in the periodic system is determined by the number of valence electrons filling the last sub-shell
The period of an element is determined from the valence shell (the biggest main quantum number (n) )
Example
Na: [Ne] 3s¹
Valence shell: 3s¹ with valence electron 1, located in period 3 (n = 3) and group 1A (ns¹)
Ca: [Ar] 4s²
Valence shell: 4s₂ with valence electron 2, located in period 4 (n = 4) and group 2A (ns²)
electron configurations using the Aufbau rule
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the reactivity of element
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non metals element
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