In factoring a polynomial, you can use different methods: finding the GCF, FOIL method if the equation is a trinomial or it has three terms, look for difference of squares, difference of cubes, or sum of cubes if it's a binomial. After the polynomial is fully factored, you can use the zero product property to solve the equation.
If these methods don't work, you can also use Completing the square or the Quadratic formula.