how to explain tension force and gravitational force in hanging pen

Sagot :

The gravitational force is what forces the pen to fall down. The gravitational force is the downward force that will make the pen fall down unless it is balanced by a force opposite its direction.

The tension force, is what balances the downward force of gravity. It is applied in the area where the string holds the pen. Since the tension force balances the gravitational force, the pen remains at rest.